Collaboration with Human Services Professionals

Martin Luther King Jr. Writing Prompts

Martin Luther King Jr. Writing Prompts This January schools across the nation will honor a true American hero- Martin Luther King Jr. Help students expand their understanding and deepen their respect for this great leader by using these writing prompts. Who is Martin Luther King, Jr?What was his dream?The importance of Martin Luther King, Jr.’s â€Å"I have a dream† speech is†¦What are three of Dr. King’s greatest achievements?How did MLK influence people?What would you say to MLK today if you could meet him?If Martin Luther King Jr. was still alive today, he would think†¦Why do we celebrate Martin Luther King Day every January?What made his â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech so historic?What do you already know about MLK? What do you want to know?Martin Luther King Jr. is inspirational because†¦What is it that we celebrate about Martin Luther King, Jr?Create a timeline of important dates in the life of Dr. King.How does your school celebrate Martin Luther King?How does your family celebrate Dr. King?Dr. Martin Luther King gave a famous speech entitled I Have a Dream.   Write about a dream you have for making the world a better place.Make a list of ten things that you can do to make the world a better place.Brainstorm a list of ways in which people differ and a list of ways in which all people are alike. Imagine that you live in a world where people are separated based on the color of their skin or the color of their hair, or their height, etc. What would it be like to live in such a world? How might it change your friendships and/or your family? How would it make you feel?Write a paragraph explaining how discrimination and prejudice impact our world today.Write a thank-you note thanking Dr. King for his efforts to make the world a better place.Would you participate in a march, a sit-in, or another form of political protest? Write about why or why not.Pretend that you had an opportunity to interview Dr. King. Write three questions that you would like to ask him.Why is there a national holiday in the United States to celebrate Martin Luther King?The message of nonviolence taught by Martin Luther King, Jr. was important because†¦What are civil rights? Why do we need them?Imagine that you have no civil rights. What would your life be like?What is the Civil Rights Act? What does civ il rights mean to you? What kind of leader would you be? Would you be a non-violent leader? Why or why not?Why is peace important in our world?Would you go to jail for something that you believe in? Why or why not?What if MLK didn’t dream of change? What would our life be like now?What is segregation? What if your school was segregated? What would it be like?Why was Martin Luther King Jr’s use of nonviolence so effective?Why is Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. so beloved by the African-American community?I can keep MLK’s dream alive by†¦I have a dream that one day my school will†¦I have a dream that one day our world will†¦When you close your eyes and think of peace what do you see?List five reasons Martin Luther King Jr. is an American hero.Write a Martin Luther Day acrostic poem using the word â€Å"DREAM.†What is your biggest dream for your life? How do you hope to accomplish this dream?

Critical thinking in Palliative Care of Nursing Essay

Critical thinking in Palliative Care of Nursing - Essay Example ng to World Health Organization (WHO, 2009), palliative care improves the quality of life of patients and families who face life-threatening illness, by providing pain and symptom relief, spiritual and psychosocial support from diagnosis to the end of life and bereavement. Fatigue is one of the most frequent symptoms in palliative care patients, reported in 80% of cancer patients and in up to 99% of patients following radio- or chemotherapy (Radbruch et al., 2008). The fatigue experienced as a side effect of cancer treatment is differentiated from the fatigue experienced by healthy people in their daily lives. Healthy fatigue is frequently described as acute fatigue that is eventually relieved by sleep and rest; cancer treatment–related fatigue is categorized as chronic fatigue because it is present over a long period of time and is not completely relieved by sleep and rest (National Cancer Institute, 2009). This study aims to identify the treatment modalities and symptom management for cancer-related fatigue including assessment, interventions, and collaborations with multidisciplinary health care professionals, in providing comfort to alleviate the sufferings of breast cancer patients. Concepts and knowledge from related literatures, research, and practice shall be applied to clearly understand its nursing implications taking into consideration the actual management of breast cancer patients during Oncology ward hospital exposure. In a broader sense, fatigue, also known as weariness, tiredness, exhaustion, or lethargy, is generally defined as a feeling of lack of energy (eMedicineHealth, 2009). Cancer-related fatigue is a feeling of debilitating tiredness or total lack of energy that can last for days, weeks, or months; commonly caused by anemia, fatigue is the side effect of chemotherapy that affects patients the most – more than nausea, pain, or depression; symptoms include feeling weak or worn out, having difficulties climbing stairs, walking short

Strategic Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 5

Strategic Management - Essay Example Human capital development according to them entails such activities as hiring contingency workers and outsourcing of labor in non-core areas so as to focus the regular human capital to the most important areas (core competencies). This serves two purposes namely: Contingency workers and outsourcing can provide certain technical and professional skills at very reduced costs. However the authors also highlight the several shortcomings that come with outsourcing. These include: The authors conclude that outsourcing, as a strategy must be used with great care, failure to which less beneficial static flexibility may result. Another area outlined in the development of human capital is training and other forms of skill development. Better-trained employee are usually highly motivated as well as empowered to play an even more important role when it comes to innovativeness. The discussion is largely relevant today since the trends identified in their day continue to this day. This is not to say that the environment has not changed, Indeed it has and many organizations are now focusing on more strategic training which is basically acquiring knowledge, skills, and approaches needed to initially do a job or to perk up upon the performance of a particular task. Today’s management authorities are eager to measure the impacts of these strategies and to design programs of continually advancing this knowledge. Today’s executives clearly understand the relationship between results and the people in the organization. They more often than not seek to recruit the most talented, individuals developing and deploying them in the most crucial areas in the organization. Progress is analyzed and challenges constantly evaluated with the view of coming up with strategies that best match the core values of the organization. The subject of human capital management has

Implement capital investment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Implement capital investment - Assignment Example The 20% that remains is the known as the reserve and is held by the factor. The face value of the borrower and reserve difference is the amount that the borrower gets. Factoring is quick and has been adopted by many companies to help them meet their capital investment plans (Alternatives to Loans, n.d.). Mostly referred to as new corporate ATMs, Hedge fund lenders have been the choice for many companies especially the high-risk firms. The size of the loan offered depends on the quality of the pitch that the borrower will make. Due diligence is used to determine whether or not to lend. With Hedge fund, lenders access to money is quick. Companies have turned to merchant cash advance to get money so as to implement their capital investment plans. Merchant cash advance give companies’ cash advanced based on the corporation’s monthly credit card transactions. It best suits companies with high monthly credit card transactions (Alternatives to Loans, n.d.). In some cases, a company may require selling some of the assets that are less useful to the company. In other instances, it may lease out some of its assets at a favorable price. The income obtained will help in the implementation of the capital investment

Analysis of Indias Mutual Fund Industry

Analysis of Indias Mutual Fund Industry Executive Summary The report titled â€Å"Mutual Fund† has been prepared to give an in-depth analysis of mutual fund industry in India and also a brief study of Mutual fund structure outside India. The report starts with the introduction of Mutual Fund, giving details about what Mutual Fund is all about. This has been done so to make even a layman understand what a mutual fund is. After the introduction part, there is a mention of the parties involved in mutual fund business, namely the AMC, Fund Managers, Dealers of Mutual Fund, Distributors, Investors of Mutual Fund, and the Regulators and so on. Later on, in the report, the inclusion of types of Mutual fund, gives a good knowledge of different categories of mutual fund. The categorization has been made on different measures. Almost all the measures have been included in this report. This part of report has great details of the types of mutual funds. Later part of the report contains the Mutual Fund history in India. The developments that have taken place since the start of Mutual Fund in India have been discussed in this part of the report. The history of Mutual Fund has been discussed in here under different phases. After the history part, the report discusses about the different fund performance. One of the important parts of the part is the NAV part. In this section of report, a detailed study has been done on Net Asset Value (NAV) of Mutual Fund. How the NAV is calculated, its misconception in the minds of investors, how important it is for the parties of Mutual Fund has been explained in this section of the report. Just after this section, there is a mention of Taxation in Mutual Fund. How Mutual Funds are taxed and what are the tax-free Mutual Funds available in the market has been discussed. This part has been discussed with examples, so as to make the investors understand, how they can be benefited with the buying of Mutual Funds. The different terminologies in Mutual Fund namely, SIP, SWP, ARP, AWP, etc has been discussed in this report. The last section of the report discussed about the risks involved in the mutual fund. The different methods through which the risks involved in mutual fund, has been discussed in this section. Also discussed are the advantages and disadvantages of buying a mutual fund. There has also been a comparison made between the returns that can be earned from mutual fund as compared with fixed deposit in banks, in post offices and investment in stock markets. MUTUAL FUNDS What is a Mutual Fund? A mutual fund is a vehicle to pool money from investors with a promise that the money would be invested in a particular manner, by professional managers who are expected to owner the promise. In India mutual funds are governed by the regulations of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). The basic idea behind a mutual fund is that individual investors generally lack the time, the inclination or the skills to manage their own investments. Thus, mutual funds hire professional managers to manage the investment for the benefit of their investors in return for a management fee. Then Mutual Funds came as a solution to benefit investors who had little or no idea about the working of stock market but were eager to create some money out of it. It was created for the benefit of investors who were not able to understand the complicated functioning of the stock market but had money to invest in it. The basic purpose of any mutual fund is to put the money of the investors into various scrip in the stock market by creating a portfolio (a collection of various shares) and making investors understand the benefits and drawbacks of each and every scheme. The benefit to the customers is that they can invest in various stocks, can get help from professional people and that their money is being managed by professional who have clear understanding of the market. The organization that manages the investment is the Asset Management Company (AMC). Employees of the AMC who perform this role of managing investments are the fund managers. Professional Managements Main idea behind mutual fund is that individual investors lack time and technical skills to research their choice of stock and invest in them so mutual fund hire skilled professional to manage investment of investors in return of management fee. The organization which mange this mutual funds are called Asset Management Company (AMC) And employees who perform this task are called Fund Mangers SCHEMES Portfolio Management Schemes Investors have their own preference on how they want to invest their money and how much risk they want to take. Personal treatment with which an individual investor manages their investment and how much risk they want to be decided is done by professional managers is referred as Portfolio Managements Schemes (PMS). This is normally done for investment under Rs 10 lakhs. Money in trust A mutual fund manages investment of the schemes for the benefits of the investors. Every schemes has an Investment Portfolio (portfolio statement) Account of income and expenditure (revenue Account) Account of asset and liabilities (Balance Sheet) To insure fairness in investment, SEBI regulates the expenditure that can be charged to a scheme. Who are the Parties Involved? Investors Every investor according to their financial position takes risk that is called risk profile or risk appetite. So hypothesis tells that by taking risk of loosing whole or partial money it is possible that investor would gain profit out of investment. Trustees These are the people within the mutual fund organization who are responsible ensuring that investors interest in a scheme is taken care properly. Asset Management Company AMCs manages the investment portfolio of schemes. An AMCs income come from the management fee it charges for the schemes it manages. Every AMC asset under management because cost can not be reduced below some fixed level after that it becomes viable. Distributors Distributors bring investors in mutual fund and it earns commission on each investors. It is AMC decision whether to bear cost fully on distributors or partially. On financial and physical resources distributors could be: Tier 1 who have their own franchised network reaching out to the investors all across the country. Tier 2- who are generally regional players with some reach within their region. Tier3 who are small and marginal players with limited reach. Registrar An investors holding in mutual fund schemes is typically tracked by schemes Registrar and Transfer agent. Some manages it own house and some appoint it outside. Request to invest more money or to redeem money against existing investment is done by RT. Custodian/Depository The custodian maintain the securities in which the scheme invest this ensure an outgoing independent record of the investment of the schemes Schemes and units:- Investment in company is normally represented by certain number of shares People invest in a company by acquiring its share and disinvest by selling its shares. The total outstanding shares of a company multiplied by the face value of each share, Constitute the share capital of a company. Shares are represented in a company and units are represented in a mutual fund scheme. Types of schemes Mutual fund schemes can be offered with any of a range of investment objectives each corresponding to a certain point in the risk return matrix. It can be categorized based on tenor, asset, class, position philosophy geography. Open End Schemes These are the schemes which do not have the fixed maturity. The mutual fund ensures the liquidity by announcing sale and repurchases prices for the units of an open end schemes on an ongoing basis. Investors who wish to exit from an open end scheme can offer their unit to the mutual for redemption, generally called repurchase. Similarly mutual fund can sell new units to investors who want to participate in schemes generally called sale. Additionally a mutual fund can choose to provide liquidity by listing in stock exchange, in that case investor can either trade schemes or opt for above mentioned route. Closed End Schemes These are schemes which have fixed maturity Liquidity in such case is available through listing in stock market. Trade alters change in ownership but dont change in schemes unit capital. Occasionally closed end schemes provide a re purchase option to investors. Either by a specified period or after a specified period normally up to a total limit for all investors together, or limit per investors. Such repurchase would reduce the unit capital of the schemes. Asset Class Equity schemes invest in shares. Depending upon the schemes objective investment could be, Growth stock where earning growth is expected to be attractive Momentum stock that can go up and down with line market Value stock where the fund manager is of the view that current valuation in the stock market does not reflect intrinsic value Income stock that can earn high returns through dividends. Debt or income schemes GILT schemes These invest in government securities. Apart from being the most liquid schemes in the debt market, government securities are eligible for liquidity support. Bond Schemes These schemes invest in bond securities issued by the government or any other issuer. BondSchemes can help people overcome some of the barriers to private renting posed by the requirement to pay a bond to a landlord. Bondschemes are usually set up by the local authority, a voluntary organization or by the Probation Service. All BondSchemes have the same goal: to help people who could not otherwise do so to access private rented accommodation. In achieving this goal a successful scheme will be contributing to the confidence and efficiency of the private rented sector and helping to combat homelessness by assisting homeless and potentially homeless people. Features of the 8% Savings (Taxable) Bond Scheme 2003 Junk Bond Schemes Junk bond schemes in securities that are below investment grade. High yield bonds are politically correct way of referring to junk bonds. Junk bonds can be identified through the lower grades assigned by rating services (e.g., BBB instead of AAA for the highest quality bonds). Because the possibility of default is great, junk bonds are usually considered too risky for investment by the large institutional investors (mutual funds) that provide U.S. corporations with much of their investment capital. Junk bonds are often issued by smaller, newer companies. Money Market and Liquid Schemes These schemes invest in short term debt instrument. Money Markets Instruments include: Commercial papers Commercial bills Treasury bills Government securities having an unexpired maturity up to one year Call or notice money Certificate of deposit Usance bills Permitted securities under a repo / reverse repo agreement Any other like instruments as may be permitted by RBI / SEBI from time to time. Liquid/Money market schemes: These are designed for corporate and small businessmen to use for cash or treasury management. These schemes allow them to park short-term surplus funds in the money market, so that they earn some return before they find end uses. They invest in money market instruments like call money, inter-corporate deposits and commercial paper. Their returns range from 8 to 11 per cent, depending on money market conditions. Even salaried individuals can use them in the short term, since they offer better returns than savings accounts. Some funds even offer cheque-writing facilities. Risk comes from money market volatility which also creates the possibility of gain due to a sudden increase in rates. Balanced Schemes Balanced schemes invest in both equity and debt. The debt investment ensures a basic interest income. Which fund managers hope to top up with capital gains on the investment portfolio. However loses can eat into the basic interest and the income. Big advantage of these schemes is that market risk is more palatable Capital Protected Schemes It is a kind of balanced schemes, where a part of the initial issue proceeds is invested in gilts that would mature to a value equivalent to the unit capital of the schemes. Thus the investors capital is protected. Physical Asset Technically said that mutual fund can invest in any asset whether it can be real asset, precious metals, other metals (aluminium, steel) oil and commodities. In India regulatory framework does permit investment in real asset. Schemes by Position Philosophy. Sector Funds Regulator equity funds invest in a mix of equities that are spread across different sectors so they are called diversified equity funds. Sectors funds on other hands invest in a particular sector, Like energy funds. Index Funds These funds create and replicate according to the specified index such as BSE, NSE, etc. and such position can be created by two methods It can be done by maintaining an investment portfolio that replicates the composition of a chosen index. Weight is same according to the index weight. This replicating style is called the passive investing. Investment fund are called passive funds. And funds that are not passive are called managed funds. Index schemes are also called as unmanaged schemes(since they are passive) or tracker schemes(since they track index) Another is by doing research and identifying a basket of securities and derivatives whose movement is similar to that of index. Schemes that invest in such basket are called as active index funds. Enhanced Index Funds This is a managed index funds that can beat the performance of a bench mark index by at least 0.1 % but no more than the 2% if it crosses 2.5 it is called equity mutual fund. Exchange Traded Funds (ETF) These are open end funds that trade on the exchange. ETF different from index funds in following respect A single NAV in case of open end and in case of ETF is traded in the market place. so its price keeps changing during day The AMC of an ETF does not offer sale and re purchase price of the units. Unique feature is that beside secondary market it also has primary market. Fixed Maturity Plans This eliminates the risk of capital loss by investing in a pre specified debt securities. When a series of FMP are issued for different maturities they are called serial funds. These funds can chose exclusively to invest in government securities and called Serial gilts, alternatively they can invest in non government securities in which case they become Serial Bond Schemes. Non government securities have risk of default (credit risk) which does not exist in case government securities. Schemes by Geography Country or region funds These invest in securities from a specified country or region. This is based on the fact that a particular country or region will show a higher growth or returns on the equity market. Offshore funds- these mobilize the money from investors for investment outside their country. The principle of time diversification has given rise to the concept of Systematic Investment Plan (SIP) Systematic Withdrawal Plan (SWP) Systematic Transfer Plan (STP) Systematic Investment Plan (SIP) It refers of investing constant fund regularly generally every month. When market goes up then the money invested in that period gets translated into fewer numbers units for investors and vise versa. Thus it is clear that SIP tempers with the gain or loss from the investment SIP does not offer protection from losses. If the market turns adverse then you can lose money even in SIP. SIP ensures that your acquisition cost approximate the average NAV. Therefore this investment style is also called rupee cost averaging. Value averaging ensures that investors book profit in rising market and invest in loosing market. For e.g. for ICICI bank (Open ended equity fund), monthly: Minimum Rs. 1000 + 5 post-dated cheques for a minimum of Rs. 1000 each. Systematic Withdrawal Plan (SWP) It is mirror image of SIP, under SWP investor would withdrawal constant amount periodically. The benefits are the same namely that through SWP the investor can temper gains though it does not prevent losses. For e.g . in case of ICICI bank (Open ended equity fund) SWP is a Minimum of Rs.500/- and Multiples thereof. Systematic Transfer Plan (STP) Investors exposure to different type of securities whether debt or equity should flow from their risk profile or appetite which the function of their financial position and personal disposition. It occurs in two situations On investment or disinvestment (here SIP and SWP is useful) On change in value of securities in market. In case of mutual funds such rebalancing can be achieved by systematically moving money between schemes. Mid-Cap Fund Mid cap funds are those mutual funds, which invest in small / medium sized companies. As there is no standard definition classifying companies as small or medium, each mutual fund has its own classification for small and medium sized companies. Generally, companies with a market capitalization of up to Rs 500 crore are classified as small. Those companies that have a market capitalization between Rs 500 crore and Rs 1,000 crore are classified as medium sized. Big investors like mutual funds and Foreign Institutional Investors are increasingly investing in mid caps now a day because the price of large caps has increased substantially. Small / mid sized companies tend to be under researched thus they present an opportunity to invest in a company that is yet to be identified by the market. Such companies offer higher growth potential going forward and therefore an opportunity to benefit from higher than average valuations. But mid cap funds are very volatile and tend to fall like a pack of cards in bad times. So, caution should be exercised while investing in mid cap mutual funds. Growth Option The Scheme will not declare any dividends under this option. The income earned by the scheme will remain invested in the scheme and will be reflected in the NAV. This option is suitable for investors who are not looking for current income (but who have invested with the intention of capital appreciation). Moreover, if units under this option are held as capital asset for a period of at least one year, from the date of acquisition, unit holders should get the benefit of long term capital gains tax. Dividend Option This option is suited for investors seeking income through dividend declared by the scheme. Only unit holders opting for the dividend option will receive dividends. An investor on record for the purpose of dividend distributions is an investor who is an unit holder, as of the record date. In order to be a unit holder, an investor has to be allocated units representing receipt of clear funds by the scheme. The scheme may be at the discretion of the trustee, declare annual dividends in its dividend plan subject to availability of distributable profits. Dividends will be declared on the last business day of March. If March 31st is a non business day, the previous business day will serve as the record date. Interim dividends may be declared at the discretion of the trustee. Unit holders also have the option to reinvest their dividend at the ex-dividend NAV. The trustee, in its sole discretion, may also declare interim dividends. It should be noted that actual distribution of dividends and the frequency of distribution indicated above, are provisional and will be entirely at the discretion of the trustee and depend, inter alia on the availability of distributable surplus to the extent the entire net income and realized gains are not distributed, the same will remain invested in the scheme and be reflected in the NAV. Payout Dividend As per the regulations, the fund shall dispatch to the unit holders, the dividend proceeds within 30 days of declaration of the dividend. Dividends will be payable to those unit holders whose names appear in the register of the unit holders on the date (record date). Dividends will be paid by cheque; net of taxes may be applicable. Unit holders will also have the option of direct payment of dividend to the bank account. The cheques will be drawn in the name of the sole/first holder and will be posted to the registered address of the sole/first holder as indicated in the original application form. The fund will endeavor to dispatch the dividend cheques within 30 days of the record date. To safeguard the interest of the unit holders from loss or theft of dividend cheques, investor should provide the name of their bank, branch and account number in the application form. Dividend cheques will be sent to the unit holder after incorporating such information. Reinvest Dividend Under this sub-option, unit holders may chose to reinvest all of their dividends by way of additional units of the scheme instead of receiving dividends in cash. Such additional units by way of reinvestment of dividends will be at the applicable NAV on the next day (excluding Saturday) after the record date. The dividend so reinvested shall be constructive payment of dividend to unit holders and constructive receipt of the same amount from each unit holder for reinvestment in units. Any such investment will be made by indicating in the investors original application or by providing the fund with written notice signed by all the registered holder(s) of the units and also sent to the registrar. Revocation of any such decision also must be made in writing and signed by all the registered holder(s) of the units and also sent to the registrar. The additional units issued under the sub-option â€Å"Reinvest Dividend† under option B and held as capital asset would get benefit of long-term capital gains tax if sold after being held for one year. For this purpose one year will be computed from the date when such additional units are issued. Effect of Dividend: The NAV of the unit holders in dividend option will stand reduced by the amount of dividend declared. The NAV of the growth option will remain unaffected. Mutual fund industry in India The origin of mutual fund industry in India is with the introduction of the concept of mutual fund by UTI in the year 1963. Though the growth was slow, but it accelerated from the year 1987 when non-UTI players entered the industry. In the past decade, Indian mutual fund industry had seen a dramatic improvement, both qualities wise as well as quantity wise. Before, the monopoly of the market had seen an ending phase; the Assets under Management (AUM) were Rs. 67bn. The private sector entry to the fund family raised the AUM to Rs. 470 bn in March 1993 and till April 2004; it reached the height of 1,540 bn. Putting the AUM of the Indian Mutual Funds Industry into comparison, the total of it is less than the deposits of SBI alone, constitute less than 11% of the total deposits held by the Indian banking industry. The main reason of its poor growth is that the mutual fund industry in India is new in the country. Large sections of Indian investors are yet to be intellectuated with the concept. Hence, it is the prime responsibility of all mutual fund companies, to market the product correctly abreast of selling. The mutual fund industry can be broadly put into four phases according to the development of the sector. Each phase is briefly described as under. First Phase -1964-87 Unit Trust of India (UTI) was established on 1963 by an Act of Parliament. It was set up by the Reserve Bank of India and functioned under the Regulatory and administrative control of the Reserve Bank of India. In 1978 UTI was de-linked from the RBI and the Industrial Development Bank of India (IDBI) took over the regulatory and administrative control in place of RBI. The first scheme launched by UTI was Unit Scheme 1964. Second phase1987_1993 (Entry of Public Sector Funds) Entry of non-UTI mutual funds. SBI Mutual Fund was the first followed by Canara bank Mutual Fund (Dec 87), Punjab National Bank Mutual Fund (Aug 89), Indian Bank Mutual Fund (Nov 89), Bank of India (Jun 90), Bank of Baroda Mutual Fund (Oct 92). LIC in 1989 and GIC in 1990. The end of 1993 marked Rs.47, 004 as assets under management. Third Phase- 1993-2003 (Entry of Private Sector Funds) With the entry of private sector funds in 1993, a new era started in the Indian mutual fund industry, giving the Indian investors a wider choice of fund families. Also, 1993 was the year in which the first Mutual Fund Regulations came into being, under which all mutual funds, except UTI were to be registered and governed. The erstwhile Kothari Pioneer (now merged with Franklin Templeton) was the first private sector mutual fund registered in July 1993. The 1993 SEBI (Mutual Fund) Regulations were substituted by a more comprehensive and revised Mutual Fund Regulations in 1996. The industry now functions under the SEBI (Mutual Fund) Regulations 1996. The number of mutual fund houses went on increasing, with many foreign mutual funds setting up funds in India and also the industry has witnessed several mergers and acquisitions. As at the end of January 2003, there were 33 mutual funds with total assets of Rs. 1, 21,805 crores. The Unit Trust of India with Rs.44,541 crores of assets under management was way ahead of other mutual funds. Fourth Phase- since February 2003 This phase had bitter experience for UTI. It was bifurcated into two separate entities. One is the Specified Undertaking of the Unit Trust of India with AUM of Rs.29, 835 crores (as on January 2003). The Specified Undertaking of Unit Trust of India, functioning under an administrator and under the rules framed by Government of India and does not come under the purview of the Mutual Fund Regulations. The second is the UTI Mutual Fund Ltd, sponsored by SBI, PNB, BOB and LIC. It is registered with SEBI and functions under the Mutual Fund Regulations. With the bifurcation of the erstwhile UTI which had in March 2000 more than Rs.76, 000 crores of AUM and with the setting up of a UTI Mutual Fund, conforming to the SEBI Mutual Fund Regulations, and with recent mergers taking place among different private sector funds, the mutual fund industry has entered its current phase of consolidation and growth. As at the end of September, 2004, there were 29 funds, which manage assets of Rs.153108 crores under 421 schemes. Performance of Mutual Funds in India Let us start the discussion of the performance of mutual funds in India from the day the concept of mutual fund took birth in India. The year was 1963. Unit Trust of India invited investors or rather to those who believed in savings, to park their money in UTI Mutual Fund. For 30 years it goaled without a single second player. Though the 1988 year saw some new mutual fund companies, but UTI remained in a monopoly position. The performance of mutual funds in India in the initial phase was not even closer to satisfactory level. People rarely understood, and of course investing was out of question. But yes, some 24 million shareholders were accustomed with guaranteed high returns by the beginning of liberalization of the industry in 1992. This good record of UTI became marketing tool for new entrants. The expectations of investors touched the sky in profitability factor. However, people were miles away from the preparedness of risks factor after the liberalization. The Assets under Management of UTI was Rs. 67bn. by the end of 1987. Let me concentrate about the performance of mutual funds in India through figures. From Rs. 67bn. the Assets Under Management rose to Rs. 470 bn. in March 1993 and the figure had a three times higher performance by April 2004. It rose as high as Rs. 1,540bn. The net asset value (NAV) of mutual funds in India declined when stock prices started falling in the year 1992. Those days, the market regulations did not allow portfolio shifts into alternative investments. There were rather no choices apart from holding the cash or to further continue investing in shares. One more thing to be noted, since only closed-end funds were floated in the market, the investors disinvested by selling at a loss in the secondary market. The performance of mutual funds in India suffered qualitatively. The 1992 stock market scandal, the losses by disinvestments and of course the lack of transparent rules in the whereabouts rocked confidence among the investors. Partly owing to a relatively weak stock market performance, mutual funds have not yet recovered, with funds trading at an average discount of 10 ­20 percent of their net asset value. The supervisory authority adopted a set of measures to create a transparent and competitive environment in mutual funds. Some of them were like relaxing investment restrictions into the market, introduction of open-ended funds, and paving the gateway for mutual funds to launch pension schemes. The measure was taken to make mutual funds the key instrument for long-term saving. The more the variety offered, the quantitative will be investors. At last to mention, as long as mutual fund companies are performing with lower risks and higher profitability within a short span of time, more and more people will be inclined to invest until and unless they are fully educated with the dos and donts of mutual funds. Drawbacks of Mutual Funds Mutual funds have their drawbacks and may not be for everyone: No Guarantees: No investment is risk free. If the entire stock market declines in value, the value of mutual fund shares will go down as well, no matter how balanced the portfolio. Investors encounter fewer risks when they invest in mutual funds than when they buy and sell stocks on their own. However, anyone who invests through a mutual fund runs the risk of losing money. Fees and commissions: All funds charge administrative fees to cover their day-to-day expenses. Some funds also charge sales commissions or loads to compensate brokers, financial consultants, or financial planners. Even if you dont use a broker or other financial adviser, you will pay a sales commission if you buy shares in a Load Fund. Taxes: During a typical year, most actively managed mutual funds sell anywhere from 20 to 70 percent of the securities in their portfolios. If your fund makes a profit on its sales, you will pay taxes on the income you receive, even if you reinvest the money you made. Management risk: When you invest in a mutual fund, you depend on the funds manager to make the right decisions regarding the fun

Education Should No Longer Be Imparting of Knowledge Essay

â€Å"We must turn to the child as the key to the fate of our future life† (http://www. montessorisynergies. com/synergies/transformation/wisdom-of-montessori) [Accessed 5th May, 2013] The above quotation shall be explored & revealed in the further contents of this essay. To begin with, let us first start with a brief current scenario of education in our society. Current scenario of education â€Å"The school must mean something else than a place of instruction, where the one teaches the many, with pain on both sides, an effort carrying with it little success†. The schools today exist to transmit knowledge though teachers and the role of the students is to absorb this knowledge and get awarded as per their marks. The education today that we have in our society is primarily interested in defining the curriculum and establishing high standards. The focus on the needs of the individual learner is hardly seen. The issues such as how the children actually want to learn, how they need to be taught, what are they actually interested in learning about are considered irrelevant. Need of our society The need of our world today is a society that has peace, patience, tolerance, happiness, health, nonviolence, betterment of the mankind, safety, non-corruption, no poverty, and no racial discrimination. It needs a man who is active, attentive, confident, curious, expressive, helpful, honest, innovative, judgmental, observant, organized orientated, patient & socially active. Who is a human being? A human being is a unified personality who comes into being from a child through the years of infancy, toddlerhood, preschool & adolescence. Ultimately, child is the one who produces the man. The child before birth nside the mother’s womb grows only physically. After a child is born he starts developing mentally & completes his psychic growth outside the womb. When the birth of the child takes place; he has some hidden qualities in him which cannot be seen. As he continues to grow, he slowly starts revealing himself & starts showing these potentials/abilities. In order to have a society with attributes as mentioned earlier & which in turn needs a man with the required qualities, it is very important to focus ourselves on the development of the child to help him release his potentials since he is the maker of the man. Hence, there is an urgent need to focus on a new system of education based on the idea of freedom for the child within a carefully planned & structured environment. It is important to recognize the crucial importance of a child’s first years of development. It is during this time that a child’s power of absorption is the highest & permanent attitudes of learning are formed & which establish the person he will be in future. Dr. Maria Montessori, the great pioneering influential realized this need and developed the Montessori Education. As proposed by Dr Maria Montessori, it shall be now briefly discussed all the phases to be looked into to create this new system of education & how the focus on the right aids during each of these phases, help the child’s future development. The Absorbent Mind The child has a creative intelligence that exists in his unconscious mental stage. During the unconscious stage (0 to 3 years), he absorbs whatever is available in his environment. He learns to speak, to walk and gain control of his hands. Hence it is very much necessary to provide a carefully planned environment to the child since he will see and learn whatever is there in his environment. For e. g if we have an aggressive environment around him at home i. e. there is no calmness & peace, the child tends to develop as an aggressive personality since he absorbs that trait from his environment. After 3 years, the child enters into the period of conscious absorption. He starts applying now the functions that were created in the unconscious stage and has developed a will & memory. This helps him in developing his reasoning & concentration skills. He uses his hands & starts working and by means of work his ability develops to choose actions independently. He wants to do everything by himself. He starts developing an urge to become social & starts involving with peers as well which make him a good social being in the long run. Sensitive periods The child passes through a special time in which he is interested in one unique characteristic of his environment known as sensitive periods. He can easily develop this interest into ability if he is given the right environment & freedom. These periods are critical to a child’s self-development & interrupting a child while he is in the middle of a sensitive period can result in a powerful emotional response. He passes through the sensitive periods of order, movement, language, senses, small objects & social aspects. As we see further below, we realize that the right environment & freedom given to the child during each of these periods provide a strong base to lay the foundation of a well-developed human being. The child seeks order so he can adapt himself to his environment. For e. g. If a child who comes home from school, has a habit of seeing all the things at place & has his belongings are accessible to him & and one day the settings at home are changed completely, nothing is at the same place as earlier, the child starts showing a dislike. This disorder can be an obstacle to his development. The order helps him to orientate himself. He becomes organized & systematic which is a crucial requisite for his development. Another sensitive period that the child goes through is the sensitivity to five senses. The child is developing his senses & his attention is therefore directed towards the observation of the objects in his environment. In order to help him this development, Sensorial subject was introduced in the Montessori education to enable him to explore different attributes of the environment. By using all his basic five senses, the child is able to explore the qualities of the objects in his environment, with separate materials. For e. g. a child using his tactile(touch) & visual sense is able to explore the different dimensions of an object i. e. height, diameter etc. The usage of these materials develops in child the qualities of attention, experiment, observation, exploration, judgement & comparison. The sensitive period of movement is also very important for the child development. The child has started learning to crawl, walk, jump, climb, swing around & carry things and wants to perfect his movement. Hence it is important to provide the right environment & give freedom to develop his fine & gross motor skills for his life. He should be not stopped or provided help when he is able to do the activity himself. Foe e. g. if he is able to walk himself up till a point, we should not stop & pick him up just because we are not able to reach quickly to our destination. This makes the child frustrated & breaks his concentration. He does not gain the self-control & self-independence. The other sensitive period is to small objects. The child keeps observing all the small details around him. He focuses on the army of ants in the playground, the leaves, the flowers, everything around him which makes him to focus. He also wants to know the reason for all these activities which make him curious & intuitive. It is very important to answer his questions since discouraging his curiosity makes him less observant & lazy which will be followed till he becomes an adult. Sensitivity to language is another very important aspect. During this time the child is sensitive to the words around him & absorbs them. He takes in sounds, words to acquire language which is a pre requisite for the child to form into a man. The Montessori environment provides a rich vocabulary & right pronunciation to the child which helps him in refining his language. This makes him a good speaker, writer, reader & confident which develops his self-esteem. The Environment â€Å"Especially at the beginning of life must we, therefore, make the environment as interesting & attractive as we can† (The Absorbent Mind, Chapter 9, Page 103) Environment refers to the surroundings in which the child is growing. The environment needs to be very rich & it should provide all the things required for the child to develop since he has an absorbent mind & the sensitive periods. The Montessori environment includes the children, the teacher & the materials and offers the important elements for the optimal development of the child. Here is a brief discussion on these –  ·Beauty, order, reality & simplicity –The environment follows the concept of reality. The materials are real since the child has to ultimately face them in the real world later. Children are given freedom to work & speak with other children. This helps them to socialize. They are taught to respect the other children (should not disturb the other children), respect the material (should not destroy the material) and respect the the environment (should not hurt others and treat children/teachers with grace & courtesy).  ·The mixed age group children in a Montessori school encourage the social development & moral values of the children. The little ones learn from the older ones & the older ones learn by teaching the younger. I would like to state an example here from the observation I did for the child development. A younger child aged 2 1/2 years fell down from the swing in the play area. An older boy almost 4 years old quickly came to pick him up & consoled him not to cry. The mixed age group also removes competition. The Teacher The teacher is a growing person, always ready to learn new things & increase her self-knowledge. She should be mentally active & physically passive which means that she should have the capacity to observe that the child is in which state of development. The objects, not the teaching given by the mistress, form the principal agent, and it is the child who uses them, who is the active being, not the teacher† (The Discovery of the Child, Chapter 11, Page 179) Maria Montessori believed that the teacher’s duty is to let the child choose an activity himself by using the materials according to his own needs and interest. In this way, the materials become his object of development. She should not force the child to do a particular activity rather just act as a source of guidance & provide him the freedom to perform. Further to the above, a teacher must possess the following attributes in her – Respect for the child, should be able to channelize the potentials of the child in the right direction, clear all the obstacles in his development, social qualities such as friendly, understanding and tolerant. An addition, are the Laws of Development that are used by the child for revealing himself. These are described briefly as below – Law of work – Children start gaining all the qualities of patience, discipline & attention through the work with the materials. It is the magic of the work through the materials that enables them to use their energies in constructive development. Children keep on repeating the task till they achieve perfection. For e. g we can observe at home that if we give a small child a task of dusting a table, he will keep on doing it till he masters himself in cleaning the smallest particle of dust. Hence it is the work through the repetition & practice that he gains perfection. Law of independence – To be independent, a child should be allowed to work himself if he is able to, without the immediate help of others. The more he works himself, the more independent & self-confident he becomes. The independence can be given in the ways of – giving the opportunity to work with the materials (activities such as tie laces, button/unbutton, zip/unzip ), should be allowed to do things on his own for his personal care & hygiene like dressing, bathing, brushing hair & teeth and should be allowed to take decisions for himself for instance, for a club activity, we should let the child choose an activity as per his own interest rather than force him to choose something just for our own content. This will suppress the interest & affect the decision making ability of the child in the long run. Development of intelligence – Intelligence means application of knowledge. It is an ability to differentiate & make judgment. The sensorial materials are such that they help the child to focus on one quality. For e. g. the cubes in the pink tower are all of the same colors & concentrate only on the size. The focus of the child’s mind on one attribute leads him to make a comparison of the objects, thus helping him in developing his comparison & judgmental skills. Development of imagination & creativity –Imagination & creativity are inborn powers in the child that develop as he interacts with the environment. Imagination is based on something that we have experienced in the past. The cultural activities in a Montessori environment such as construction, technology, science, math, language, art & craft, music & imaginative play help to foster imaginative skills thus helping him in his future development. Development of emotional & spiritual life – A child needs a warm & loving environment to meet his emotional & spiritual needs. Through the daily life practical exercises in the Montessori environment, they are taught to be courteous & considerate. They learn how to share since there is only one single material for each activity & also develop patience since they need to wait for their turn once a child already working with the material finishes his activity. It was also observed that while working with the materials they undergo a stage where their physical & mental developments are both harmonized known as normalization. The prepared Montessori environment facilitates the process of normalization by offering materials. The normalised children have love of order, love of work, concentration, attachment to reality & nature, love of silence, obedience and self-discipline Dr. Maria Montessori was also able to identify the important tendencies (behavioral patterns) that compel the human beings to construct & refine themselves. These patterns are the ones that children isplay naturally and should be considered when preparing the environment – Exploration, order, communication, work, concentration, repetition, perfection, self-control, creativity & independence Children raised in environments prepared according to the basic human tendencies as above, tend to be secure, healthy, and happy children. The Parent â€Å"Parents have a very important mission. They are the only ones who can save their children by uniting & working together for the improvement of society† (The Secret of Childhood, Chapter 30, Page 215) Parenting is the most pleasurable & the most challenging job. Parents must protect their child & have a deep concern for him. They should take care of the below errors –  ·Showering with material goods – Should not equip their child with mobiles, videogames etc. as a substitute for the time & attention desired by him.  ·Unnecessary dependence on caretakers – Should not rely on caretakers since they themselves are too busy to devote time to their child.  ·Unrealistic praise – Should not offer unrealistic praise to their children in the form of compliments. When children fail to receive such compliments from the rest of the world, they become confused & lose their self-esteem. Paying more attention to negative behavior – Parents should not overlook their children’s good behavior & punish them for their bad behavior. Things such as not doing homework, poor marks, mess at home direct more attention of the parents. Thus children get more attention for being bad & hence try to keep on doing bad activities to get attention. This work will be an interest to parents, teachers & policy makers that attention to young children’s physical, emotional, social, moral development is very much important. A child is a mystery. He has the highest potentialities but we cannot make out that who he will be in future unless we help him in releasing these. He has his own natural powers to develop. His unknown energy within him can be utilized for the betterment of the mankind. Giving him the freedom and support to question, the child will become confident & enthusiastic. A method of schooling that will focus on personal development will produce more mature, creative and socially adept children. The verbal teaching as in today’s schools being substituted by Sensorial materials, which contain a control of error will permit the child o teach himself by his own effort. The actively & orderly prepared environment, sensorial materials and special ways of viewing & teaching the child in the Montessori education will help him to function independently. Children of different ages sharing the same classes will cooperate and help each other and learn how to live in a community and how to re-solve conflicts peacefully. Children will learn non-violence and conflict resolution. They will learn need to respect themselves, respect parents and respect other human beings . They will get a sense of their own ability to learn new things, master new skills & solve problems. This new way of education will provide a caring environment to the child’s learning & growing, focusing on his energy & understanding him, thereby enhancing his overall development. It will respect & honor the children. Through this nourishment of the new of education, he will become an adult with a commitment & strength to transform the society. This will help in providing peace & prosperity to the nation. This is a task of developing the inner potentials of a child in which everyone regardless of caste, creed & race must participate & share since it means bringing out a crucial element – the child, for the normal progress of mankind.

Decade of Corporate Greed Essay

Ascended in the 1980’s he reinvented Republican policies that favored deregulation and the growth of business in America. These Ideas markedly opposed the views of the governmental interventionist policies of the 1960’s and 70’s with these ideas Reagan hoped to decrease government Involvement and heavy taxes. With these tax cuts Reagan’s thinking was that many new businesses would spawn and that it would have a trickledown effect by not only empowering businesses to grow and hire more people which in the end would benefit all from those on top in the corporate world all the way down to the lowest person in the company in which everyone benefits. This was welcome news not only to the Republicans but also the â€Å"lunch bucket democrats† who were working class democrats who predecessor Jimmy Carter of whom they thought they were ignored by. As a result of this many government services were slashed and created ideas of the government being the problem. With this many republicans encouraged individuals to do good for themselves for the government would not do this for them. With this encouragement of business growth and economic prosperity for as many people as possible individualism became a way of life in the 1980’s. The acquisition of wealth and indicators of it really helped to drive this decade in the 1980’s where it seemed most important to acquire as much â€Å"material† goods as possible. These ideas were also shown in the pop culture world as the artist Madonna made a hit song in the 80’s called â€Å"material girl† a song of the times basically about greed and gaining as material things as you possibly could with no shame of this greed. Also Gordon Gekko the fictional business tycoon in the film â€Å"Wall Street† stands up at board meeting to stress and states â€Å"Greed is good†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Greed will not only fix this malfunctioning corporation called Teldar paper, but also the other malfunctioning corporation called the U. S. of A. † There were even excesses being taken in sports, as Pete Rose of the Cincinnati Reds had greed of singles, doubles and stolen bases, also greed in gambling cost him his spot in Major League Baseball. It was also in this decade baseball experienced â€Å"free agency† destroying loyalties and players selling themselves to the highest bidder as player contracts doubled from just the decade before. Once these Republican policies had trickled down to popular culture it almost seemed to validate this style of politics, it seemed as if the Republicans ascendance to power had spawned this culture and decade of greed that was so actively embraced by the American public. With this these politicians simply stated that they were just acting in accordance to what the public’s wishes were. With this success that Reagan had in the 80’s America had once again began to reassert itself on the world stage after a challenging decade of struggling in the 1970’s. Reagan is thought to be responsible also for the victory in the cold war that had lasted for decades before his term. The new thinking in the 80’s was not that this was greed but more of what the Republicans called prosperity and success. Some of the negatives of these changes were Reagan deregulated everything which in effect destroyed competition and this created oligopolies. Some examples of these are in the airline industry he deregulated the industry causing every airline in the country, except 2 to become bankrupt, as the deregulation in the broadcast industry resulted in just a few major players like Disney and Clear Channel dominating the playing field. As for under the Reagan administration money in politics became more strong then ever and that still holds true today in the world of politics for it seems like we no longer have elections, we more like have auctions for where it seems the candidate who has the most money to spend on getting their name out is usually the one who wins in these political battles, especially for the Presidency. What this does now and back then in the 80’s where it started is a corporation who might want certain laws or tax breaks passed to better help their needs funds that candidate to get elected and then in turn expects them favors to be returned when that candidate is elected. This new concentration of wealth created a whole new class of millionaires, however on the downside for every millionaire there were several hundred homeless people. With this came more negativity that came with the corporate greed of the 80’s. For these people who became homeless and poor due to these millionaires greed were blamed for dragging down the economy by Republican politicians and their mouthpieces in the media, while the truth we found out later is that indeed it was these rich people who were ripping us off and actually were responsible for dragging down the economy. Going as far to blaming the poor the city of Los Angeles installed a fingerprint system to guard against welfare fraud that cost the city and hardworking tax payers 30 million dollars, and for all of this it caught one cheater. While at the same time â€Å"White collar† crime was rising and costing us more than street crime cost, also doing more damage and arguably causing more deaths. Reagan also had a deregulation of the savings and loans industry which was a total debacle and ended up costing Americans 500 billion dollars which is part of the still current banking problem that is going on today. Unfortunately Reagan also began the practice of sending American manufacturing jobs overseas, another move that made the rich even more rich and greedy and made the poor have even less than they did before. Despite all these negatives it can be argued that Ronald Reagan was the most important and influential President of the last 60 years, loved by the Republicans and loathed by the liberals. Reagan turned half a century of political and economic orthodoxy and turned it on its head. It can be argued that he turned those who were Roosevelt democrats. So whether you loved or hated Reagan there is no doubt that administration and the greed of 80’s is still alive today. My though would be if your rich, you like the corporate greed and excessiveness that took place in the 80’s, however if you are poor you are wondering why this turned out like it did.

Air conditioning

Air conditioning Air conditioning is achieved by developing the principles of moving air in ducted ventilation systems to include a number of physical and scientific processes which enhance the air quality. The objective is to provide and maintain internal air conditions at a predetermined state, regardless of the time of year, season and external atmospheric environment. For buildings with human occupancy, the design specification is likely to include an internal air temperature of 19-23`c and relative humidity between 40 / 60%. Theoretically most "air conditioning" should be referred to as "comfort cooling" as the air is only cooled or heated, with no humidity control or extensive filtration of the air. 7The system used in the Bicentennial building is a VRV system. VRF and VRV systems have been in use since the late 1990's, and are becoming the industry standard for providing heating and cooling in commercial blocks nowadays due to their high energy efficiency.Air handling unit (AHU)VRV stands for Variable Refrigerant Volume (or Variable Refrigerant Flow) and is a type of air conditioning system consisting of anywhere up to 40 indoor units connected to one outdoor condensing unit. The refrigerant flow is varied by using an inverter controlled variable speed compressor, or multiple compressors to respond to changes in the cooling or heating requirement.There are two types of VRV air conditioning systems:* Two-pipe systems, usually applied to open-plan areas, retail stores or offices, which require heating or cooling during the same operational periods* Three-pipe systems, where there is a requirement for some areas to be cooled and others heated.An advanced controller enables switching between heating and cooling in two-pipe systems and in 3-pipe systems it manages the indoor units to operate independently in heating or cooling mode. 8The VRV multi split air conditioning system (cooling only) found...

E911 essays

E911 essays The FCC E911 Regulation is Essential for Consumers In June of 1996, the FCC proposed a mandate for E-911 services. The wireless E911 order provides value-added service for all cellular phone users and consumers. This regulation has designed to implement 911 requirements for cellular, PCS and SMR carriers. The FCC has established telecommunication regulations to provide 911 access to consumers. The requirements have been planned in a three-stage deployment process. However, it was later revamped into a two-phase process. This regulation (CC Docket No. 94-102) has many different parts, which are currently under reconsideration by the FCC. Basically, the regulation requires that MLTS (Multi-Line Telephone System) providers to provide emergency service by single line residential, business telephone service and wireless services whether telephone services are in service or not. As my employer is a wireless telephone provider, I will be focusing on the wireless regulations associated with CC Docket No. 94-102. The FCC requires all cellular service providers to accept 911 calls from any wireless phone. Even those phones that have no service contract or number assigned. With wireless calls, a user should be able to dial 911 and reach a 911 operator whether the cellular telephone is under contract and in service or not. These calls for emergency assistance are free of charge. As a call is made for any 911 emergency, the cellular provider's system will route the call to the nearest 911 operator. Thus acting as a locating service for the user and the emergency operations. This mandated will take effect on October of 2001. The new FCC regulation provides both challenges and barriers to telecommunication providers. There are three major issues each provider must overcome. The first is how to determine the past way to provide the mandated service to consumers. Each carrier must deploy the technology to provider the caller's ...

The Concept of Volunteering Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Concept of Volunteering - Essay Example It is therefore a common affair for both organizations and individuals to volunteer. In another respect, volunteering is normally practiced as a way of developing skills, making fun or simply socializing. In the job market, many people are normally seen to volunteer their services in order to make contacts that might be crucial in getting a job (Falk, 2004, pp23-29). Volunteering normally involves a number of ways and can be conducted by basically everyone using their own skills or competencies. In most cases, volunteers work in the areas where they are trained. In this regard, it is common to find volunteers in medicine, education, and in the provision of emergency services. In the same way, other volunteers usually serve where their services are needed urgently such as in emergencies. Volunteering will normally take different forms in the present world. Skills-based volunteering is very common and involves improving the specialized skills of individuals and organizations in improvi ng the infrastructure of nonprofits (Field, 2003, pp.78-85). It is basically different from the traditional volunteering which does not really require the use of specialized skills. Volunteering is also quite common in the developing countries whereby needy communities are assisted on various ways in improving their welfare. The third world is a good destination for most volunteers who usually work in the schools, orphanages and other resource centers where they provide some of the basic services needed by the communities. In this regard, volunteering is presently viewed as a form of international community service involving various developmental activities geared towards the needy societies across the world (Matheson, 2004, pp.28). In a world where environmental conservation has become one of the core concerns, much voluntary work is presently targeted towards managing and conserving the environment. Many volunteers are therefore involved in a wide range of activities targeted at e cological restoration, environmental monitoring and other activities geared towards the environment (Maslow, 1970). Voluntary work normally plays major role in addressing some of the common emergencies and situations realized across the world. For instance most of the recovery efforts normally require a lot of labour and personnel which is very difficult to realize. In this regard, voluntary work plays a major role. Disasters such as floods and earthquakes are therefore better addressed through voluntary efforts across the world. There are many non-governmental organizations which are involved in voluntary work and conduct their activities across the world. Most of these non-governmental agencies work in collaboration with government agencies and other UN aid agencies (Halpern, 2004. pp123). The concept of corporate volunteering is very popular with most successful companies across the world. In this case, the companies normally allow their employees to conduct voluntary activities during work hours. Most of these activities are part of the corporate social responsibility programs which are part and parcel of the activities of the organization (Bridge, Murtagh, & O’Neill, 2009. pp 85).  Ã‚  

English literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

English literature - Essay Example They both compare their beloved women to a summer day, assigning people the features of this hot season. The meaning expressed in the ends of both poems looks similar too. However, having taken a closer look at them it can be noticed that there is big difference. Shakespeare’s words give us hope, empower and encourage to live by means of a metaphor. As for the overall flow of the poems, it can be said that, in some sense, Moss’ work is a simplified and updated version of the original. The words Moss uses are more up-to-date and prosaic. As a result, Moss’ poem is absolutely realistic. Shakespeare represented his feelings reflected in florid and lofty terms: †But thy eternal summer shall not fade†. The second author, however, uses very simple and clear words and phrases: â€Å"People break their necks or just drop dead!†Ã‚   Shakespeare uses a greater number of metaphors: †Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May†. The great poet also draws words softly, passing from one stroke to another. In such a way the reader gets easily immersed into the world of romanticism. Moss, on contrasts, writes plainly: â€Å"Even in May, the weather can be gray†. Therefore, from some point of view, it can be said that Moss’ poem is a humorous parody on the original sonnet As it was mentioned above, both authors write nearly about the same, but their language is different. Moss uses more modern vocabulary. Words and phrases like ‘Thou art’, ‘thee’ or ‘thy’ of Shakespeare belong to his time, while Moss’ vocabulary is more up-to-date and, therefore, easier to understand for a contemporary reader. Still, it is easy to find parallels in the two pieces. For example, Shakespeare’s â€Å"Thou art more lovely and more temperate.† Moss interprets as simple â€Å"Youre nicer. And better.  Ã¢â‚¬  This shows that Moss’ poem follows Shakespeare’s lines. Since the poem by Moss is a